Skip to Main Content

Doing Your Literature Review

Different approaches to a Lit Review

There are many terms for the various types of Literature Reviews:

  • Systematic Review
  • Systematised Review
  • Umbrella Review
  • Scoping Review
  • Meta analysis
  • Narrative Review
  • Qualitative evidence Synthesis
  • Mixed Methods Review
  • Rapid review
  • Crtical review
  • Interpretive review
  • and many others!


 

However, while the terms for these different reviews appear quite different, and they may have different approaches, their core principles are consistent. A key feature of any literature review is that it is guided by a clear research question. This question, in turn, is shaped by the purpose and focus of the review.

Examples include:

  • Effectiveness questions: What impact does intervention X, compared with intervention Y, have on outcome Z?

  • Methodological questions: What research methods have been used to study phenomenon X?

  • Conceptual questions: How has phenomenon X been defined and understood? Which theories explain it?

The two most common types of literature reviews are the narrative review and the systematic review. A narrative review explores and discusses the current state of knowledge on a topic from a theoretical or contextual perspective. In contrast, a systematic review follows a structured, transparent process—commonly used in biomedical and healthcare research—to evaluate evidence on the effectiveness of interventions.

Go to this page to see a more detailed overview of the different types of reviews.

Whatever approach to reviewing is adopted, you have to make certain decisions concerning the following:

  • what will be the structure of the review?
  • who/what is the intended focus?
  • how are relevant studies to be found, and which studies are to be included?
  • how much detail is to be provided about each study discussed; in particular, how much information is to be given about the research methods employed?
  • how are the studies and their findings to be evaluated and related to one another?

Interested in how good literature reviews can look like? See two examples under Suggested: a peer-reviewed publication (article) in the biomedical field (systematic approach) and a book chapter as part of a thesis (narrative approach).

WMS Login